Signs of honor-based violence

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In cases of forced marriage, it is crucial that the affected person’s environment, such as schools or vocational training institutions, is able to correctly interpret possible warning signs. Often, school is the only external place a girl can attend without constant supervision by her family. Irregular school attendance and other behavioral changes shortly before school holidays, or a lack of joy and signs of distress before a planned trip to the family’s country of origin, are warning signals that should prompt a sensitive conversation with the affected girl, as well as the provision of information about support services and counseling centers. It is always important to approach the affected girl’s values and life circumstances with respect.

Strong control over women and girls and the suppression of any attempt at independence can be a sign of patriarchal violence, for example when women are not allowed to speak for themselves, cannot visit a doctor alone, or when female students are not permitted to take part in school trips or excursions. If a woman shows wounds, bruises, or other physical injuries, this may—especially if it occurs repeatedly—indicate honor-based violence. Low self-esteem, anxiety, an intimidated demeanor, and insecurity in dealing with other people, as well as sadness and depressive moods, can be signs that a woman or girl is being emotionally pressured. If the expression of sexual orientation or gender identity is suppressed, or social contacts are forbidden or discouraged, these can also be signs of possible honor-based violence.